The Rakai Health Sciences Program (RHSP) was established in 1987 as a collaboration between researchers at Makerere, Columbia and John Hopkins Universities, the Division of Intramural Research at the National Institutes of Allergy & Infectious diseases and the International Centre for Excellence Research (ICER). This was as a result of the first identification of clinical AIDS in Rakai district Uganda in 1982 by Drs. Sewankambo and Serwadda. The initiation of the Program, then known as Rakai Project led to a series of clinical studies characterizing the disease and its epidemiology; and also brought the partnership with other colleagues including Professor Maria Wawer and Prof Ronald Gray.
Rakai Health Sciences Program (RHSP) Timeline
| Month | Day | Year | Event | Category | Description | Document/source | Key people |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 | first case of Slim Disease identified in Rakai | Other | Slim disease, characterized by extreme wasting and weight loss, was identified in Rakai district | Serwaada et al 1985 | |||
| 1986 | President Museveni came into power | Other | |||||
| 8 | 1987 | Wawer first arrived in Rakai | Other | ||||
| 1987 | ABC AIDS control program was established | Other | ABC program (Abstain, Be faithful, use Condoms) established in Uganda to promote HIV prevention | www.avert.org/hiv-aids-uganda.htm | |||
| 1987 | National Committee for the Prevention of AIDS launched | Other | MOH established this committee to start a health education campaign on the radio, TV, and local press. "Love Carefully" campaign | Hooper et al 1987 | |||
| 1988 | Rakai Cohort began (USAID) | Studies | Population-based cohort study initiated to collect longitudinal data on HIV epidemiology and socioeconomic effects of the epidemic. Started with 21 clusters of 30 households each, (population=1800) | Global information and education on HIV and AIDS | |||
| 1989 | HIV Dynamics Study funded by NIH | Funding | NIH funds HIV Dynamics Study for 3 years; allows Rakai Cohort to expand | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1989 | Kalisizo field station sets up lab resources for sample preparation | Lab tests | The capacity of the lab in Kalisizo is limited to to syphilis by RPR with confirmatory TPPA or TPHA. Serum samples frozen and shipped in bulk to UVRI for HIV ELISA testing | Sarah, Margaret - lab | |||
| 1989 | Serologic testing by ELISA, confirmatory testing by Western blot for HIV testing | Lab tests | HIV serologic testing by ELISA(Recombigen); positive tests confirmed by Western Blot (Biorad) at UVRI | Berkley et al 1990 | |||
| 1989 | Rakai Cohort expanded (NIH) | Studies | 31 clusters, population=4000 | www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/rakai-health-sciences-program | |||
| 1990 | counseling, health, and education funded by Rockefeller Foundation and NIH | Funding | Rockefeller Foundation and NIH fund establishment of counseling, health, and education | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1990 | Rakai AIDS Information Network funded by DANIDA and USAID | Funding | DANIDA and USAID fund establishment of program by Rakai Project. Began as a NGO | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1992 | Sexual Networks Study funded by NIH | Funding | funded for 3 years | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1992 | Preparation for AIDS Vaccine Evaluation (PAVE) funded by NIH | Funding | funded for 2 years | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1992 | Rakai cohort funded by WHO | Funding | funded for 1 year | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1992 | family planning funded by Mellon | Funding | Mellon foundation funds family planning 1992-1996 | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 1992 | International AIDS Initiative funded by Rockefeller Foundation | Funding | RF funds 4 year operations reseach on HIV prevention, evaluating health education, risk reduction, condom acceptance & use, HIV testing | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1993 | MOH provides funding for STD control | Funding | Under AIDS control program, MOH provides funding to treat STDs. | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1993 | Training grants funded by Fogarty International | Funding | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | ||||
| 1993 | PAVE study began | Studies | Community mapping project that would enable locating communities that would be appropriate to follow for STD Control Trial. Initial study lasted 1 year. | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2 | 21 | 1994 | RCCS cohort A1 began | Studies | Range: 21 Feb 1994-17 Dec 1995 | Regions and Communities | |
| 11 | 1994 | STD design questionnaire created | Questionnaires | Baseline, f/u versions created for m, f, transients <6 months (m or f). Questionnaires administered at baseline, 1 year, every year thereafter for 5 years. Functioned as first questionnaire of the Rakai cohort. Assessed demographics, social and sexual behaviors, health status, care seeking, coital frequency. Longest form of cohort questionnaire to be administered | QC team | ||
| 1994 | KYOTERA (001) 004 Pick | Communities | KASAMBYA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KYOTERA (001) 024 Pick | Communities | BBIBIRO, Kamwanyi, Kinyankole, Kabaseke picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KYOTERA (001) 074 Pick | Communities | KYAKKONDA, Kiweesa picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KYOTERA (001) 754 Pick | Communities | BUYAMBI\KASAALI, Kifukamiza, Kigenya picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KYOTERA (001) 755 Pick | Communities | KIBIRA, Bijja, Bikira, Gayaza, Kiteredde picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 005 Pick | Communities | NSAMBYA, Kakoma, Miti, Kirinda picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 006 Pick | Communities | MITONDO\KYANGO picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 029 Pick | Communities | MANYAMA, Kalangala, Kamaggwa picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 062 Pick | Communities | LUSAKA, Vvuma picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 067 Pick | Communities | KINAAWA, Matale picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 077 Pick | Communities | KALAGALA, Bulengeza picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KALISIZO (002) 120 Pick | Communities | KIKUNGWE, Kawuwa picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 036 Pick | Communities | KYAKAGO/KIBANDA, Bushenyi, Bulanga picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 044 Pick | Communities | KIBAALE TC. Picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 055 Pick | Communities | BYAKABANDA, Kageye, Kyandaaza Katerero picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 084 Pick | Communities | RAKAI TC. Picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 401 Pick | Communities | BAKIJJULULA, Kamukalo picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KABIRA (004) 007 Pick | Communities | KACHANGA, Kyanika, Kakoni Lwabawambya picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KABIRA (004) 008 Pick | Communities | KABIRA/KIFUUTA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KABIRA (004) 106 Pick | Communities | KABAWANGA, Kiwumulo, Misoto, Biafra ndeeba picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KAKUUTO (005) 002 Pick | Communities | KAKUUTO, Kitasiba picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KAKUUTO (005) 016 Pick | Communities | KANGABWA, Kalivario picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KAKUUTO (005) 033 Pick | Communities | KABONERA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KAKUUTO (005) 107 Pick | Communities | KIBAALE/SSANJE, Kannamiti, Mayanja, Katovu picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 003 Pick | Communities | KATANA, Buzirandulu, Nvubu, Kirembwe, Kijej picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 061 Pick | Communities | KIRUMBA, Kyakalera, Kabasumba, Butembe picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 065 Pick | Communities | KYAKUDDUSE, Kasambya, Nkenge picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 095 Pick | Communities | NABIGASA-Kafunda, Ntovu picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 109 Pick | Communities | NAKATOOGO-East+West, Byerima, Nakasoga picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 177 Pick | Communities | BETEREMU, Kituntu, Kibonzi, Kasekere, Kasambya picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KATANA (006) 256 Pick | Communities | KITO-NKOKKO, Kasaka, Lutoma picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | BUYAMBA (007) 018 Pick | Communities | KICHWAMANGO, Luwama, Kasansula, Kisaana picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | BUYAMBA (007) 025 Pick | Communities | BUYAMBA, Kyondo, Kammengo, Nsonso picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | BUYAMBA (007) 059 Pick | Communities | DDWANIRO, Katonto, Kireeta Ntimbe Lutub, Nateete Lutilwanjuki picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | BUYAMBA (007) 060 Pick | Communities | KISAAYITC picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | BUYAMBA (007) 103 Pick | Communities | KIKUNYU, Kareere A+B picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | BUYAMBA (007) 451 Pick | Communities | KAGAMBA,Kimuli picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWANDA (008) 019 Pick | Communities | LUTEEBE, Kijjumba, Mpaama, Kikakata, Mukunyu, Kanoni, Kakek picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWANDA (008) 032 Pick | Communities | BUTIITI TC. Picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWANDA (008) 035 Pick | Communities | LWANDA TC. Picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWANDA (008) 057 Pick | Communities | MBUYE, Derinya, Kengobe picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWANDA (008) 602 Pick | Communities | BITABAGO, Lumbugu, Butula, Kirundamaliga, Nsozibbiri, Kikuula picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 034 Pick | Communities | KIFAMBA, Kagongero, Mmanya, Kitente picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 040 Pick | Communities | SSANJE, Kabano picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 056 Pick | Communities | KIGANDA, Lukyamu picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 058 Pick | Communities | LUTEETE picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 089 Pick | Communities | KIMUKUNDA, Kalungi, Kisalizi picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 094 Pick | Communities | MITYEBIRI picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 108 Pick | Communities | MBIRIZI, Kabala, Kasaasa picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 391 Pick | Communities | KASASA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 052 Pick | Communities | LWENTULEGE, Kyaluyimuka picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 053 Pick | Communities | KAAPA KASAMBYA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 054 Pick | Communities | NDEEBA\KATOOGO, Kyabigondo, Kayunga, Lwennanga picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 081 Pick | Communities | LWAMAGGWA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 468 Pick | Communities | KACHERA, Kibaati, Katovu, Buyojwa picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 760 Pick | Communities | KASANKALA picked up during A1 (1994-1995) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1994 | STD Control Trial funded by NIH | Funding | NIH extended funding for establishment of STD Control Trial for AIDS prevention for 5 years. Provides funding to follow Rakai cohort participants | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1994 | STD testing capability expands at Kalisizo field station | Lab tests | Kalisizo field station increases capabilities to test for more STDs on site in preparation for STD Control Trial. In addition to syphilis, can perform CT/GC, trichimoniasis testing and BV slide reading. Serum samples frozen and shipped in bulk to Entebbe for HIV ELISA testing and further processing | Sarah, Margaret - lab | |||
| 1994 | Parallel EIA, Discordant: WB for HIV testing | Lab tests | Two EIA's were run in parallel and discordants run on WB | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | |||
| 1994 | RCCS Verbal autopsies began | Questionnaires | when a person enrolled in the RCCS cohort dies, interviewer to use questionnaire to collect information about recently deceased person from their family members. Limited scope of questions focused on what people are dying from, symptoms at time of death, course of care. | QC team, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1994 | STD Control Trial began | Studies | Hypothesized that by controlling STIs in the Rakai population, the spread of HIV transmission would be reduced | RHSP status report Feb 2007 | |||
| 3 | 1995 | Questionnaire for MISS study created | Questionnaires | If person deemed eligible for MISS study after RCCS questionnaire, had additional MISS study questionnaire administered, with questions regarding birth and child development. Followed at enrollment, birth, 4 week f/u, every 1 year thereafter | QC team | ||
| 8 | 21 | 1995 | RCCS cohort A6 began | Studies | Range: 21 Aug 1995-8 Aug 1996 | Regions and Communities | |
| 1995 | KALISIZO (002) 067 Drop | Communities | KINAAWA, Matale dropped during A6 (1995-1996) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1995 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 901 Pick | Communities | RAKAI HIGH S.S.S picked up during A6 (1995-1996) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1995 | KATANA (006) 256 Drop | Communities | KITO-NKOKKO, Kasaka, Lutoma dropped during A6 (1995-1996) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1995 | LWANDA (008) 900 Pick | Communities | KAMMENGO TECH.INST. Picked up during A6 (1995-1996) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1995 | Maternal Infant Supplementary Study (MISS) funded by World Bank, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, NIH | Funding | 4 years of funding for establishment of MISS, study to be nested into STD Control Trial | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1995 | MISS study began | Studies | Maternal Infant supplementary study aimed to measure the effects of STD control during pregnany as a means of preventing maternal HIV/STI acquisition and pMTCT. RCT in which mothers received either comprehensive STI treatment or treatment for intestinal worms. | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 6 | 13 | 1996 | RCCS cohort B1 began | Studies | Range: 13 Jun 1996-30 May 1997 | Regions and Communities | |
| 1996 | KALISIZO (002) 951 Pick | Communities | RD.WKR KLZ-BIKIRA RD picked up during B1 (1996-1997) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1996 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 950 Pick | Communities | RD. WKR SSANJE KIBAALE RD picked up during B1 (1996-1997) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 6 | 6 | 1997 | RCCS cohort B6 began | Studies | Range: 6 Jun 1997 - 8 Oct 1998 | Regions and Communities | |
| 1997 | KALISIZO (002) 951 Drop | Communities | RD.WKR KLZ-BIKIRA RD dropped during B6 (1997-1998) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1997 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 950 Drop | Communities | RD. WKR SSANJE KIBAALE RD dropped during B6 (1997-1998) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1997 | MISS Study receives additional funding from USAID/Mother Care | Funding | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | ||||
| 5 | 5 | 1998 | RCCS cohort C1 began | Studies | Range: 5 May 1998 - 29 Mar 1999 | Regions and Communities | |
| 1998 | Family planning funded by Gates Foundation | Funding | Given poor community knowledge of family planning practices, funding provided resources for intensive education, counseling, and materials for family planning | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1998 | HSV-2 testing funded by Glaxo Welcome | Funding | www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/rakai-health-sciences-program | ||||
| 1998 | Drug Access Initiative Began | HIV Care | Limited ART available in Uganda | ||||
| 1998 | Cohort questionnaire truncated | Questionnaires | When STD control trial ended, cohort questionnaire was truncated and less people were evaluated. Main clients in follow up were pregnant women who were followed to evaluate effect of STDs on pregnancy, mother, and child | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1998 | Family planning outreach began | Studies | Use community reproductive health workers to improve family planning uptake through intensive education and counseling | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1998 | Adolescent family planning study began | Studies | Infrastructure for adolescent STD care services established for 2 years, and allowed for RCT to evaluate effect of intensive family planning education on adolescents | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 4 | 1999 | CHER study began | Studies | Community HIV Epidemiological Research (CHER) to determine better viral epidemiological research in preparation for potential vaccine trials. Provided structure and funding for continuation of Rakai cohort. | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | ||
| 4 | 6 | 1999 | RCCS cohort W1 began | Studies | Range: 6 Apr 1999 - 14 Feb 2000 | Regions and Communities | |
| 1999 | KYOTERA (001) 045 Pick | Communities | KYOTERA CENTRAL picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KYOTERA (001) 046 Pick | Communities | KYOTERA LUBIRA picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KYOTERA (001) 755 Drop | Communities | KIBIRA, Bijja, Bikira, Gayaza, Kiteredde dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 044 Drop | Communities | KIBAALE TC. Dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 084 Drop | Communities | RAKAI TC. Dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 901 Drop | Communities | RAKAI HIGH S.S.S dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KATANA (006) 061 Drop | Communities | KIRUMBA, Kyakalera, Kabasumba, Butembe dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KATANA (006) 065 Drop | Communities | KYAKUDDUSE, Kasambya, Nkenge dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | BUYAMBA (007) 060 Drop | Communities | KISAAYITC dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWANDA (008) 032 Drop | Communities | BUTIITI TC. Dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWANDA (008) 035 Drop | Communities | LWANDA TC. Dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 014 Pick | Communities | NAKATOOKE, Kijonjo picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 015 Pick | Communities | KIRUULI TC. Picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 020 Pick | Communities | NTALULE picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 021 Pick | Communities | LWOYO picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 031 Pick | Communities | LUGALAMA picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 052 Drop | Communities | LWENTULEGE, Kyaluyimuka dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 053 Drop | Communities | KAAPA KASAMBYA dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 468 Drop | Communities | KACHERA, Kibaati, Katovu, Buyojwa dropped during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LYANTONDE (011) 001 Pick | Communities | LYANTONDE -KALIIRO picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LYANTONDE (011) HS 022 Pick | Communities | LYANTONDE-KOOKI picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LYANTONDE (011) HS 027 Pick | Communities | MUKOKOMA picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | LYANTONDE (011) HS 030 Pick | Communities | KYAMUSAALE picked up during W1 (1999-2000) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 1999 | MER and CHER Studies funded by Walter Reed Army Institute of Research | Funding | Grants 3 years of funding (W1-W3), focused on continuing cohort follow-up and exploring community attitude toward HIV vaccine testing (CHER). When cohort participants become seropositive, perform viral epidemiology on HIV subtypes, recombinants, viral set points (MER) | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1999 | MER protocols require cell sorting | Lab tests | Whole blood sent to Entebbe daily via boda for sorting for MER protocol | Sarah, Margaret - lab | |||
| 1999 | CHER (or RCCS) questionnaire modified | Questionnaires | CHER questionnaire used at baseline visit modified to includes additional questions about interest in vaccine. | QC team | |||
| 1999 | MER questionnaires created | Questionnaires | If subject seroconverts while enrolled in CHER, had additional MER questionnaire administered. Includes more frequent follow up and in depth questions about seroconversion. | QC team | |||
| 1999 | VCT questions added to RCCS questionnaires | Questionnaires | Added questions about receipt of voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) | QC team | |||
| 1999 | Domestic violence questions added to RCCS questionnaires | Questionnaires | Added questions about perceptions, occurrences of domestic violence in home and community | QC team | |||
| 1999 | MER study began | Studies | HIV Molecular Epidemiologic Study (MER) focused on immunological and epidemiological research to better understand how HIV progresses. Specifically focused on post-seroconversion peak viremia, viral set-points, sequencing. | Fred Nalugoda, QC team | |||
| 2 | 15 | 2000 | RCCS cohort W2 began | Studies | Range: 15 Feb 2000 - 19 Feb 2001 | Regions and Communities | |
| 8 | 2000 | Bacterial Vaginosis Study funded by NIAID | Funding | NIAID provides 5 years funding for Bacterial Vaginosis: Etiology and Sexual Transmission Study to follow natural history of BV in women and study effects of changes in flora on HIV risk | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | ||
| 2000 | KYOTERA (001) 045 Drop | Communities | KYOTERA CENTRAL dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | KYOTERA (001) 046 Drop | Communities | KYOTERA LUBIRA dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | LWANDA (008) 900 Drop | Communities | KAMMENGO TECH.INST. Dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 014 Drop | Communities | NAKATOOKE, Kijonjo dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | KASASA/SANJE (009) 015 Drop | Communities | KIRUULI TC. Picked up during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 020 Drop | Communities | NTALULE dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 021 Drop | Communities | LWOYO dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 031 Drop | Communities | LUGALAMA dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | LYANTONDE (011) HS 027 Drop | Communities | MUKOKOMA dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | LYANTONDE (011) HS 030 Drop | Communities | KYAMUSAALE dropped during W2 (2000-2001) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2000 | Fertility Data Analysis funded by NIH | Funding | funded for 2 years | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2000 | Opinion Leader (OL) Study funded by NIMH | Funding | funded for 5 years | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 2000 | Rakai Project funded as HIV Prevention Trails Network (HPTN) site | Funding | funded by NIH as HPTN site for 1 year | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2000 | HPV and cervical cancer study funded by NCI | Funding | NCI provides 2 years of funding for the sudy of natural histor of HPV infection and cervical cancer | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2000 | Module for family planning added to RCCS questionnaire | Questionnaires | Added 1 module for males, females. Focused on gauging interest in family planning, and current contraception use | QC team | |||
| 2000 | Opinion leader questionnaire created | Questionnaires | Independent short version questionnaire created with questions focused on finding who the opinion leaders were, and who they worked with | QC team | |||
| 2000 | Effects of HIV on Fertility Study began | Studies | Collected and analyzed data from RCCS on the demographic and social effects of HIV-related reductions in fertility | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007 | |||
| 2000 | Community Opinion Leader Study began | Studies | Multi-center HPTN qualitative study to assess sexual and social networks to determine how to help people uptake services and reduce HIV infections | QC team | |||
| 4 | 3 | 2001 | RCCS cohort W3 began | Studies | Range: 3 Apr 2001 -31 May 2002 | Regions and Communities | |
| 2001 | Preparation for New HIV Prevention Strategies funded by Gates Foundation | Funding | 1 year of funding for a pilot study to support HIV prevention strategies, including male circumcision | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2001 | pMTCT NVP study funded by Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation | Funding | 3 years of funding. RHSP funded to explore ways to reduce pMTCT transmission | RHSP status report Feb 2007, Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 2001 | BV assessment questionnaires created | Questionnaires | RCCS questionnaire used at baseline visit, regardless of if person was in cohort, then independent questionnaires with questions about water source, animals in house, genital washing procedures. Administered baseline form, then short f/u form weekly for 1 month, then long f/u form at 1 month and 1 year | QC team | |||
| 2001 | BV Natural History Study began | Studies | Determine factors associated with high BV prevalence in Rakai in women | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2001 | NVP study began | Studies | NVP syringes for mothers and infants provided to HIV+ mothers to administer at home | RHSP status report Feb 2007 | |||
| 2001 | Home-based provision of sdNVP began | Treatment | sdNVP provided to mothers for pMTCT | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 7 | 15 | 2002 | RCCS cohort R9 began | Studies | Range: 15 Jul 2002 - 1 Aug 2003 | Regions and Communities | |
| 8 | 2002 | Parallel EIA, Discordant: Rapid for HIV testing | Lab tests | Due to difficulty of obtaining WB kits, Rapids were used as a tie breaker for discordant EIAs in the period of August 2002 and September 2003 | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 9 | 2002 | Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention trial funded by NIAID | Funding | funded for 5 years. Determine whether post-pubertal MC reduces HIV and STI acquisition | RHSP Annual Report 2003-2004, Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 10 | 2002 | Randomized Trial of Male Circumcision, STD, HIV and Behavioral Effects in Men, Women and the Community' Study funded by Gates Foundation | Funding | Funded for 5 years. Assess the safety and STD effects of MC in HIV+ men, effect on their female partners STD risk, and behavioral effects. | RHSP Annual Report 2003-2004, Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 2002 | Began using HIV Rapid tests | Lab tests | Rapid HIV tests were introduced in order to screen subjects for MC trials | Gray et al 2007 Limitations of rapid HIV-1 tests... | |||
| 2002 | RHSP designated part of ICER | Other | NIAID declares RHSP to be part of Uganda's International Center of Excellence in Research (ICER) | ||||
| 2002 | Modules for males added for BV Polygamous study created | Questionnaires | Added modules for males to supplement female BV modules also containing questions about water source, animals in house, genital washing procedures | QC team | |||
| 2002 | Anthropometry | Studies | Find alternative ways of measuring gestation age of newborns - measure heads, chest circumference & weight | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 2002 | BV Polygamous | Studies | Assess factors involved in BV in female with multiple partners, or with male partners with multiple female partners | QC team | |||
| 2002 | HPV study began | Studies | Analyze self-collected vaginal swabs administered to women followed in RCCS in order to determine prevalence, incidence, and clearance of high-risk HPV infections | Mark-Sklar & Dr. Murokora | |||
| 7 | 2003 | Sexual satisfaction, hygeine questions added to RCCS questionnaire | Questionnaires | Added questions about sexual satisfaction, hygeine to main RCCS questionnaires. | QC team | ||
| 9 | 2003 | Parallel EIA, Discordant: WB for HIV testing | Lab tests | Resumed 2 EIA's run in parallel with discordants run on WB | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 9 | 26 | 2003 | RCCS cohort R10 began | Studies | Range: 26 Sep 2003 - 23 Nov 2004 | Regions and Communities | |
| 11 | 2003 | MC pilot study began | Studies | 200 HIV negative men enrolled in NIH pilot study before roll-out of main protocol | Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 2003 | NIAID ICER provides support for laboratory research activities at RHSP | Funding | Award provides ongoing laboratory support (equipment, technical assistance, supplies). Permits infrastructure for assessment of HIV viral load, HIV sequencing and transmission linkages, genotyping | RHSP Annual Report 2003-2004 | |||
| 2003 | construction of new Rakai Health Sciences Center funded by Doris Duke | Funding | Doris Duke Charitable Foundation funds construction of new RHSP center in Kalisizo | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007 | |||
| 2003 | Abstinence until marriage became dominant strand of ABC education in Uganda | Other | Sex education and condom promotion in Uganda became less mainstream than when the ABC model was initially introduced | http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/uganda0305.pdf | |||
| 2003 | Information Technology capabilities increased | Other | Over 40 desktop computers and 10 laptops connected to broadband internet via satellite dish at Kalisizo Station | RHSP Annual Report 2003-2004 | |||
| 2003 | Male circumcision questions added to RCCS questionnaire | Questionnaires | For MC pilot study, questions about acceptibility, safety, perceptions about MC added into RCCS baseline questionnaire. | QC team | |||
| 2003 | Benefits survey and qualitative component questionnaires created | Questionnaires | Independent questionnaires created for survey component and qualitative component administered at 2 timepoints to randomly selected subjects in Rakai cohort, with questions focusing on determining what motivates people to participate in studies with or without financial incentive. | QC team | |||
| 2003 | Modules for ARVs added to RCCS baseline, f/u questionnaires | Questionnaires | Questions focus on attitude, acceptibility, knowledge of ART | QC team | |||
| 2003 | Benefits and Risks Study | Studies | Determine subject's perceptions on their benefits, risks from study participation | QC team | Jennifer Wagman, Ezekiel Emanuel | ||
| 2003 | Malaria and HIV coinfection study began | Studies | In collaboration with ICER, John Hopkins Malaria Institute funds 1 year study of HIV and malaria co-infection during pregnancy and the effects on MTCT | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007 | |||
| 2003 | SOCERNET | Studies | Social and Ethnographic Research on Networks and Community Opinion Leaders was a downsized version of the original OL study that was better tailored to fit the needs of Rakai district. Facilitation of in depth interviews to help identify popular opinion leaders who could become agents of behavioral change. | RHSP Annual Report 2003-2004 | Willow (NIMH) | ||
| 6 | 2004 | Uganda began to offer free ARVs to those who qualified for treatment | HIV Care | ARV initiation for WHO stage I, II, III in people with CD4<200; ARV initiation for WHO stage IV irrespective of CD4. ART rollout initially funded by World Bank, The Global Fund, and Pepfar | Uganda MOH HIV treatment guidelines | ||
| 6 | 2004 | RHSP began ART delivery | HIV Care | PEPFAR funds the start of ART delivery. Service program provided ART, HCT, CD4 screening, pMTCT, HIV-related care | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 6 | 2004 | SUUBI mobile clinics provided ART and HIV care to community | HIV Care | mobile Suubi "Hope" clinics that visit communities biweekly and provide HIV care and general health care | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 6 | 2004 | MOH guidelines for ARV initiation CD4<200 | Treatment | 1st line: 2 NRTI+1 NNRTI, 2nd line: 2 NRTI+1 PI | Uganda MOH HIV treatment guidelines | ||
| 6 | 2004 | RHSP ARV initiation to patients with CD4<250 | Treatment | RHSP establishes ARV roll out to patients with CD4<250, after site visit to a home-based care program in Tororo. 1st line: 2 NRTI+1 NNRTI, 2nd line: 2 NRTI+1 PI | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 9 | 2004 | Assessing ARV Effects Study funded by NIH Offices of AIDS Research | Funding | NIH OAR provides funding for 1 year to study effects of ARVs on HIV epidemiology and behaviors in RCCS participants | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007 | ||
| 11 | 2004 | New f/u versions of MC forms created for MC Trials | Questionnaires | RCCS questionnaire used for baseline, then for trial participants, short form and long form created. Questions focused on genital washing, acceptibility, sexual satisfaction, info detailing MC procedure. After subjects enrolled at baseline, short forms administered at Day 1, Week 1, weekly thereafter for next 6 weeks in intervention arm. Long form administered at 6 month, 1 year, 2 years in both control and intervention arm | QC team | ||
| 2004 | Rakai Project renamed Rakai Health Sciences Program | Other | |||||
| 2004 | Maximaster MKII incinerator installed at Kalisizo Station | Other | Allowed RHSP to dispose biological waste in efficient method with minimal environmental pollution | RHSP Annual Report 2003-2004 | |||
| 2004 | Male circ trial (NIH) | Studies | MC in HIV- men for HIV & STI prevention | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2004 | Male circ & behavior trial (Gates) | Studies | MC in HIV-, HIV+ men for STI prevention, spousal risk assessment | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2 | 15 | 2005 | RCCS cohort R11 began | Studies | Range: 15 Feb 2005 - 30 Jun 2006 | Regions and Communities | |
| 5 | 2005 | New RHSP laboratory equipped with greater serology laboratory capability | Lab tests | New serology laboratory can process: HIV EIA, WB, CrAG, HAV, HBV, HCV, syphilis RPR and TPPA, toxo, ELISPOT | RHSP Status Report 2007 | ||
| 5 | 2005 | New RHSP laboratory equipped with greater clinical chemistry laboratory capability | Lab tests | Using Selectra blood chemistry analyzer, new clinical chemistry laboratory can process: serum electrolyte, liver, pancreatic and renal function | RHSP Status Report 2007 | ||
| 5 | 2005 | New RHSP laboratory equipped with greater molecular biology laboratory capability | Lab tests | New molecular biology laboratory can process: HIV PCR, VL, CT/GC, HPV, CMV, real time PCR, MHA | RHSP Status Report 2007 | ||
| 5 | 25 | 2005 | Roche Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor 1.5 used for HIV viral load | Lab tests | Assess HIV-1 viral load using Roche Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Test. Lower limit of detection <400 cpm | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | |
| 5 | 2005 | New RHSP laboratory expands capability in other technology | Lab tests | In addition to new serology, chemistry, molecular bio technology, new lab equipped to process hematology (Coulter), flow cytometry (FACS count), microbiology, mycobacteriology, mycology, parasitology, tissue/cell culture, pathology, media preparation | RHSP status report Feb 2007 | ||
| 5 | 2005 | Rakai Health Sciences Center opened in Kalisizo | Other | ||||
| 8 | 2005 | The Global Fund suspended funding to Uganda for ART roll out | Funding | Aug 2005-Nov 2005, funding for ART frozen after financial irregularities and mis-allocation of funds towards non-HIV/AIDS activities were discovered. | www.theglobalfund.org; www.avert.org/hiv-aids-uganda.htm | ||
| 8 | 2005 | SHARE Project began | Studies | Build networks for mutual support, establish violence prevention policies to decrease interpersonal violence and sexual coercion | RCCS-postcirc-share Protocol | Jennifer Wagman | |
| 11 | 2005 | VLM began | HIV care | Viral load monitoring first became used at RHSP for routine monitoring of all ART clients. Assess virological failure rates in subjects every 3 mon for 1st year after ART initiation, and every 6 months thereafter. | ICER report 2013 | ||
| 2005 | KALISIZO (002) 009 Pick | Communities | BUKUNDA\KABUWOKO picked up during R11 (2005-2005) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2005 | KATANA (006) 256 Pick | Communities | KITO-NKOKKO, Kasaka, Lutoma picked up during R11 (2005-2005) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2005 | ARV Effects on HIV Epidemiology and Behaviors funded by NICHD | Funding | funded for 5 years. Provides sufficient resources for maintaining RCCS and continuing to assess questions about effects of ARV rollout on community rates of HIV, morbidity, mortality, fertility, pMTCT, ARV acceptance/adherence, stigma, drug resistant strains | RHSP status report Feb 2007 | |||
| 2005 | Morbidity/Mortality and Disability in Children Study funded by Fogarty International Center and NIH | Funding | funded for 4 years | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | |||
| 2005 | Up-Hold Study funded by USAID | Funding | 2 years of funding granted, but after unrealistic expectations expressed by funders, RHSP returned grant money | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2005 | Basic care program began | HIV Care | tx for OI, ctx, bed nets, clean water provided to patients ineligible for ART | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2005 | Separate questionnaire modules created for Armis study | Questionnaires | Independent questionnaire created to assess growth rates, birth rates, questions pertaining to pediatric illnesses | QC team | |||
| 2005 | Armis Study | Studies | A continuation of the NVP study, and complementary to MISS study, allowing continued intensive education and access to care. Program starts offering mothers free infant formula, clean vacuum flasks, instructions on use as alternative to breastfeeding. | QC team, Joseph Kagaayi, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2005 | ARCS | Studies | ART-Related Clinical Study to measure ARV adherence and the effects on community HIV-related behaviors | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2005 | Up-Hold | Studies | Study aimed to document trends in HIV, mortality, fertility, and effect on behavior. Funding not alloted for prospective study, so funding returned and study not started. | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 5 | 2006 | Peer health worker and mobile phone program began | Studies | Pilot study to assess impact of PHW and warmline staffed by clinicians to improve HIV care. Pilot study ranged May 2006-July 2008 | Gertrude, Larry | ||
| 8 | 30 | 2006 | RCCS cohort R12 began | Studies | Range: 30 Aug 2006 - 24 Apr 2008 | Regions and Communities | |
| 11 | 1 | 2006 | Study of Febrile HIV Subjects Began | Studies | Assess infectious causes of fever and their effects among clinic participants | www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/rakai-health-sciences-program | |
| 2006 | KABIRA (004) 183 Pick | Communities | BAKKA, BWAMIJJA, NZIRIZI picked up during R12 (2006-2008) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2006 | Pilot testing of HIV Rapid tests began | Lab tests | Before Rapid tests routinely used for HIV testing for cohort or service clients, started pilot study to evaluate reliability | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2006 | Began using Binax Now Malaria Test | Lab tests | Used Binax Now rapid detection test for malaria results at mobile clinics | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | |||
| 3 | 2007 | Scale up of MC in high prevalence countries recommended by WHO and UNAIDS | Other | In countries with HIV prevalence rates >3% and generalized heterosexual HIV epidemics, it was recommended that male circumcision become part of the HIV prevention package | http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2007/pr10/en/ | ||
| 9 | 2007 | pMTCT guidelines changed to WHO recommendations | Treatment | AZT/3TC starting at 28 weeks of pregnancy + sdNVP for mother and infant; 7 days AZT/3TC post birth administered to mther | Joseph Kagaayi | ||
| 10 | 12 | 2007 | Switched to Roche COBAS chemistry analyser | Lab tests | Assess clinical chemistry and immunochemistry measures by COBAS analyzer series | Sarah, Margaret - lab | |
| 11 | 2007 | Switched to FACSCaliber for flow cytometry | Lab tests | CD4/CD8/CD3 evaluated using FACSCalibur. 2 machines available and determination of use is study-specific | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | ||
| 2007 | Post Circ Trial funded by NIAID | Funding | NIAID provides 5 years of funding to study post trial epidemiological and behavioral surveillance in men enrolled into MC for HIV prevention trial | RHSP Status Report Feb 2007, Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2007 | Altered circumcision questions on RCCS questionnaire | Questionnaires | Added questions to assess sexual satisfaction after MC procedure for both males, females. | QC team | |||
| 2007 | ARV module edited on RCCS questionnaire | Questionnaires | Changed questions about ART to ask about acceptibility of ART, knowledge of protection, satisfaction with ART | QC team | |||
| 2007 | HSV questionnaires created | Questionnaires | Independent enrollment form, f/u form created for males and females focusing on HSV-related questions, examination outcomes, genital cleaning. Administered at baseline, every month thereafter up to 24 months | QC team | |||
| 2007 | Post Circ Trial began | Studies | Assess long-term effects of MMC, effect on risk behaviors, HIV incidence, and foreskin immunology. | RCCS-postcirc-share Protocol, RHSP status report Feb 2007, Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2007 | Discordant study | Studies | Measure effect of ART initiation, counseling and risk reduction to serodiscordant couples | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2007 | Madic study began | Studies | Assess neurodevelopment in HIV-exposed children | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 2007 | HSV | Studies | RCT of HSV suppression in slowing HIV disease progression in ART-naïve subjects | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2007 | Intensive MC follow-up study | Studies | Intensive f/u component of post circ trial to evaluate effect of MMC on PVL, wound healing, safety. | RHSP status report | |||
| 6 | 6 | 2008 | RCCS cohort R13 began | Studies | Range: 6 Jun 2008 - 7 Dec 2009 | Regions and Communities | |
| 7 | 2008 | PeerSMART program Began | HIV Care | Expert patient treatment support began after successful pilot study | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 11 | 2008 | Used Murex and ETI kits for HBV study | Lab tests | Murex test used for HBsAg, ETI test for core Ag | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | ||
| 2008 | KALISIZO (002) 009 Drop | Communities | BUKUNDA\KABUWOKO dropped during R13 (2008-2009) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2008 | HBV | Studies | Assess prevalence of HBV, cirrhosis, and fibrosis in HIV+ and HIV- subjects | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 4 | 1 | 2009 | Serial EIA, Discordant: Rapid for HIV testing | Lab tests | Started running EIA's in series and stopped testing participants already tested HIV+ twice | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | |
| 4 | 1 | 2009 | HIV testing algorithm updated | Lab tests | Murex test used first; if positive result, then sample run on Vironstika Uniform II plus O. Discordant positives run on WB; if sample gives discordant results, then RNA PCR run. | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | |
| 2009 | RCCS modules on MC altered | Questionnaires | Questions about circumcision within RCCS module were reduced because main trials had ended | QC team | |||
| 2009 | Hormonal contraception study began | Studies | Determine effect of hormonal contraception on virological suppression and HIV-disease progression through retrospective analysis | Rakai_Report_2010, Fred Nalugoda | Chelsea Polis | ||
| 2009 | Rakai Youth Project | Studies | Aimed to better understand behavioral aspects of adolescents, connection to their risks for HIV, and how to intervene. Used client-centered care to gauge aspirations of youth and use to create interventional education about risk reduction. | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 1 | 18 | 2010 | RCCS cohort R14 began | Studies | Range: 18 Jan 2010 - 24 Jun 2011 | Regions and Communities | |
| 10 | 2010 | rapid antigen-capture dipstick test | Lab tests | Began routinely using rapid testing for malaria | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | ||
| 10 | 4 | 2010 | Abbott RealTime HIV-1 used for viral load | Lab tests | Assess HIV-1 viral load using Abbott RealTime. Lower limit of detection <50 cpm | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | |
| 12 | 2010 | Malaria surveillance grant funded by NIAID | Funding | NCT01265407. Funded for 2 years | Fred Nalugoda, Julia Cummiskey | ||
| 2010 | KABIRA (004) 183 Drop | Communities | BAKKA, BWAMIJJA, NZIRIZI dropped during R14 (2010-2011) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2010 | KATANA (006) 256 Drop | Communities | KITO-NKOKKO, Kasaka, Lutoma dropped during R14 (2010-2011) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2010 | All Ugandan hospitals and HC-IV required to provide HCT | Other | Resources for HIV counseling and testing mandatory at all hospitals and HC-IV's. Over 2000 healthcare settings facilitate routine or opt-out testing | Global AIDS Response Progress Report; Country Progress Note Uganda; April 2012 | |||
| 2010 | Nutrition study | Studies | Fred Nalugoda | ||||
| 2010 | Genital immunology study | Studies | Determine correlates of mucosal protection from HIV infection in high risk, serodiscordant HIV uninfected subjects | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2010 | Genital microbiota, inflammation, and risk | Studies | Study genital bacterial communities and inflammatory markers in HIV+ and HIV- subjects | Rakai_Report_2010 | |||
| 2010 | MOH switched to Option A for pMTCT | Treatment | Pregnant mothers with CD4<350 eligible for ARVs. If CD4>350,AZT/3TC starting at 14 weeks gestation, sdNVP at birth+ 7 days AZT/3TC | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 2010 | ARV adminstration to infants for 14 weeks for pMTCT | Treatment | After Armis study concluded, RHSP continued to administer 14 weeks NVP or AZT to infants for pMTCT | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 1 | 17 | 2011 | RHSP staff placed at MOH sites within district | HIV Care | Integration of services encouraged by PEPFAR. Mobile clinics & home visits eliminated, static RHSP staff placed at select health centers (number of clinicians, nurses based on patient load) | Gertrude Nakigozi | |
| 1 | 17 | 2011 | Most HC-II dropped from RHSP's patient load | HIV Care | With the exception of Kasensero and Kibale who had unique populations with high patient loads needing access to ARV services, all other HC-II dropped by RHSP and handed over to MOH | Gertrude Nakigozi | |
| 2 | 2011 | ARV initiation CD4<350 | Treatment | 1st line: 2 NRTI+1 NNRTI, 2nd line: 2 NRTI+1 PI | Uganda MOH HIV treatment guidelines | ||
| 8 | 10 | 2011 | RCCS cohort R15 began | Studies | Range: 10 Aug 2011- 5 Jul 2013 | Regions and Communities | |
| 10 | 2011 | HIV Rapid testing implemented | Lab tests | In order to allow for less frequent ELISA testing, Rapids evaluated with EIA (Murex, then followed by confirmatory Vironostika if +, or Vironosticka or Bio Rad if neg, WB used as final confirmatory test for positives). | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | ||
| 10 | 2011 | Parallel Rapid, Discordant: WB for HIV testing | Lab tests | Rapid HIV testing validated, and Rapid testing and a third EIA were introduced. Determine and Stat Pak were run in parallel and discordants tested on Unigold. | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 2011 | KYOTERA (001) 755(HS) Pick | Communities | NEW KYOTER CENTRAL picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 036 Drop | Communities | KYAKAGO/KIBANDA, Bushenyi, Bulanga dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 055 Drop | Communities | BYAKABANDA, Kageye, Kyandaaza Katerero dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KIBALE\RAKAI (003) 401 Drop | Communities | BAKIJJULULA, Kamukalo dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KATANA (006) 003 Drop | Communities | KATANA, Buzirandulu, Nvubu, Kirembwe, Kijej dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KATANA (006) 095 Drop | Communities | NABIGASA-Kafunda, Ntovu dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KATANA (006) 109 Drop | Communities | NAKATOOGO-East+West, Byerima, Nakasoga dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KATANA (006) 177 Drop | Communities | BETEREMU, Kituntu, Kibonzi, Kasekere, Kasambya dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | BUYAMBA (007) 018 Drop | Communities | KICHWAMANGO, Luwama, Kasansula, Kisaana dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | BUYAMBA (007) 025 Drop | Communities | BUYAMBA, Kyondo, Kammengo, Nsonso dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | BUYAMBA (007) 059 Drop | Communities | DDWANIRO, Katonto, Kireeta Ntimbe Lutub, Nateete Lutilwanjuki dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | BUYAMBA (007) 103 Drop | Communities | KIKUNYU, Kareere A+B dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | BUYAMBA (007) 451 Drop | Communities | KAGAMBA,Kimuli dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 054 Drop | Communities | NDEEBA\KATOOGO, Kyabigondo, Kayunga, Lwennanga dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 081 Drop | Communities | LWAMAGGWA dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | LWAMAGGWA (010) 760 Drop | Communities | KASANKALA dropped during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KASENSERO (012) 038 Pick | Communities | KASENSERO LANDING SITE picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KASENSERO (012) 370 Pick | Communities | GWANDA, Kinyinga, Lukindu, Misozi, Mirigwe picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | KASENSERO (012) 23 Pick | Communities | KYEBEBalole, Muzzi, Katongero picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | DDIMO (013) 770 Pick | Communities | MALEMBO, Bwende, Kyamizimba, Kikonda, picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | DDIMO (013) 771 Pick | Communities | DDIMU, picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | DDIMO (013) 772 Pick | Communities | BBULIRO, picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | DDIMO (013) 773 Pick | Communities | BUYAGA Nkoma, Bibaale, picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | DDIMO (013) 774 Pick | Communities | NAMIREMBE picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | MUTUKULA (014) 051 Pick | Communities | MUTUKUL TC KOLOLO ZONE picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | MUTUKULA (014) 776 Pick | Communities | MUTUKULA CENTRAL picked up during R15 (2011-2013) | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2011 | MOH guidelines adapt to regulate use of Rapid tests for HIV testing | Other | MOH changed guidelines to use Rapid HIV testing | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2011 | Alpha demographic analysis investigated | Questionnaires | Investigated adoption of Alpha questionnaire for verbal autopsies, but found to be too extensive to administer. Truncated version of Alpha questionnaire generated for use with the Rakai cohort | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2011 | Malaria study questionnaires created | Questionnaires | Independent questionnaires added with questions about signs, symptoms, presence and history of malaria in the home, current preventive practices, diagnostic test of malaria. Questionnaires administered at baseline, every month thereafter until 1 year | QC team | |||
| 2011 | RCCS modules on ARVs altered | Questionnaires | Questions about ARVs reduced because no new information was being captured - education and knowledge of ART was deemed good within community | QC team | |||
| 2011 | Opthomology in HIV+ individuals study | Studies | Aimed to better characterize effect of HIV and/or ARVs on eyesight. Training implemented in clinics and eye charts set up to evaluate long-term effect of HIV and HIV treatment on vision | Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2011 | Malaria Surveillance study (ICER) began | Studies | ICER study of epidemiology of malaria in households with children 6 months to 10 years. Administered questionnaires, took blood specimens, and malaria smears for children and primary care givers at baseline, monthly for 1 year. 1600 children enrolled. | Enos Baghendaghe | |||
| 2011 | Malaria IeDEA study began | Studies | Facility based observational study of children <5 years presenting with fever at Kalisizo hospital or HC-III. Aimed to improve lab and staff capacity, estimate prevalence of malaria in febrile children, measure treatment outcomes. 3000 children enrolled | Enos Baghendaghe | |||
| 2011 | Adult Shangring | Studies | Study to monitor safety and acceptibility of shangring device as alternative to MMC. 400 men enrolled over 6 months. | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 1 | 2012 | Parallel Rapid, EIA, Discordant: WB for HIV testing | Lab tests | When EIA on the Rapid discordants were found to agree with the Unigold result, testing of discordants was halted. | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 1 | 8 | 2012 | RCCS cohort R15S began | Studies | Range: 8 Jan 2012 - 18 Mar 2013 | Regions and Communities | |
| 3 | 2012 | Began use of Pima CD4 technology | Lab tests | Pima allowed for teams to measure and immediately report CD4 results to patients in the field | Sarah, Margaret - lab | ||
| 4 | 2012 | Uniject | Studies | Compare intramuscular vs. subcutaneous Uniject injection of hormonal contraception (depo). Assess acceptibility, administration, ease of use for client and provider, effectiveness. | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 6 | 2012 | Enhanced male circumcisicion study funded by NIH | Funding | In addition to monitoring effect of MC on HIV incidence, train midwives to perform early infant circumcisicion, and perform on 500 infants | Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 6 | 2012 | Enhanced male circumcisicion study began | Studies | Assess effect of MC on HIV incidence by monitoring cohorts. Evaluate effect of early infant MC on HIV trends/care | Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 9 | 2012 | Parallel Rapid, 3 EIA, Discordant: EIA/RNA PCR for HIV testing | Lab tests | Adjustment was made in that both Vironostika (Uniform) and Biorad could be used as the 2nd or 3rd EIA depending on availability. Bio Rad better utilized as 2nd EIA since kits were larger, more cost effective. | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 9 | 14 | 2012 | MOH switched to Option B+ for pMTCT | Treatment | Pregnant mothers eligible for ARVs regardless of CD4 count or clinical staging | Joseph Kagaayi | |
| 2012 | Linkage Study funded | Funding | Funded for 5 years. Enables follow up of RCCS | Godfrey Kigozi, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2012 | Opthomology outreach began | HIV Care | Free cataract surgery provided at 3 mobile clinics | Gertrude, Fred | |||
| 2012 | Clinical chemistry not as routinely used | Lab tests | Due to decreases in PEPFAR funding, reagents for clinical chemistry not purchased as routinely and panels run less frequently | Sarah Kalibbala- lab | |||
| 2012 | OpenMRS version 1.6.3 installed | Other | All RHSP health centers and central processing equipped to use OpenMRS to maintain electronic patient HIV care records | Anthony Ndayanabo | |||
| 2012 | Mobility module added to RCCS questionnaire | Questionnaires | Added sexual partner mobility tool to RCCS cohort to track movement of sexual partners associated with fishing communities | QC team | |||
| 2012 | HPV Clearance | Studies | Measure high risk HPV in HIV+ women before and after ART | ICER report 2013 | |||
| 2012 | Linkage Study | Studies | 5 year study to monitor demographics, reproductive health services, HIV education of Rakai district. Retrospective quantitative component and prospective qualitative component to analyze risk behaviors for HIV acquisition. | Tom Lutalo, Fred Nalugoda | |||
| 2012 | Problem with Men Study | Studies | Qualitative study to find out why men do not seek care (especially with regards to HIV care) | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2012 | Prepex | Studies | Study to monitor safety and acceptibility of prepex device as alternative to MMC. 350 men enrolled over 6 months. | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2012 | MOH adopts Option B for pMTCT | Treatment | Pregnant mothers with CD4<350 eligible for ARVs. If CD4>350, AZT/3TC starting at 14 weeks gestation, sdNVP at birth+ AZT/3TC until breastfeeding cessation | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 2012 | ARV adminstration to infants changed to 6 weeks for pMTCT | Treatment | MOH changed guidelines to administer 6 weeks of ARVs (AZT or NVP) to infants for pMTCT | Joseph Kagaayi | |||
| 1 | 2013 | Parallel Rapid, 2 EIA, Discordant: RNA PCR for HIV testing | Lab tests | No third EIA performed. Two EIA will follow the rapids and any discordant will go for RNA PCR. | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 1 | 2013 | Pima used during RCCS survey | Lab tests | During R16, surveyors performed CD4 monitoring by Pima to supplement HIV testing during round survey | Sarah, Margaret - lab | ||
| 1 | 7 | 2013 | RCCS cohort R16 began | Studies | Range: 7 Jan 2013 - still on | Regions and Communities | |
| 7 | 2013 | Stylish Man study began | Studies | Mulembe Mambe campaign initiated to destigmatize MC in older populations | Veena Billoux | ||
| 9 | 2013 | RHSP starts to transfer management of health centers to district, while maintaining support and supervision | HIV Care | Encouraged by PEPFAR, RHSP evaluates district's readiness to takeover health centers, trains MOH workers, and starts to transfer health centers to district. | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 9 | 2013 | Kasensero and Kibale continue to be staffed by RHSP | HIV Care | Since MOH maintained status of health centers at Kasensero and Kibale as HC-II, RHSP keeps staff stationed at sites in order to administer much needed ARV care delivery | Gertrude Nakigozi | ||
| 11 | 2013 | Pregnancy Malaria Study began | Studies | 3 year study to test for malaria antibodies to see if possible to produce malaria vaccine for pregnant women. Target N=1100 mothers to be enrolled at maternity ward and antenatal clinic | Enos Baghendaghe | ||
| 12 | 2013 | Rapid serial HIV testing instead of parallel was started for all service clients. | Lab tests | Parallel Rapid HIV testing maintained for cohort clients, but lab switched to serial Rapid testing for service clients | History of HIV Testing Algorithms | ||
| 2013 | Penile epithelial study funded by NIH | Funding | Measure and compare moisture levels in different penile regions in circumcised and uncircumcised men | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2013 | Death in Adults study funded | Funding | Retrospective analysis of mortality trends funded | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2013 | Fogarty training grants funded | Funding | 4 year training grant funded | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2013 | Switched to Monolisa Anti-HB test for HBV | Lab tests | Liver study protocol dictated use of Monolisa test for HBV | Sarah, Margaret - lab | |||
| 2013 | Pregnancy Malaria Study questionnaire created | Questionnaires | Independent questionnaire created. Only administered once to each participant: focused on questions about pregnancy, prophylaxis, indications for malaria, current complaints | QC team | |||
| 2013 | Liver Biopsy Study | Studies | Examine the etiology of accelerated liver disease in HIV+ subjects | ICER report 2013 | |||
| 2013 | Neuro Study began | Studies | Assess CNS events in 3 groups: ART naïve CD4<200, ART suppressed, HIV negative | QC team | |||
| 2013 | Adolescent shangring | Studies | Study to monitor safety and acceptibility of shangring device as alternative to MMC. 350 adolescent men enrolled over 6 months. | Godfrey Kigozi | |||
| 2013 | RCCS cohort HTS15 began | Studies | Range: 2013 - 2013 | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2013 | Stylish Man study began | Studies | Range: 2013 - still on | Regions and Communities | |||
| 2 | 2014 | Study to test new device for traditional male circumcision began | Studies | Assessed 50 men at intake visit to test device to measure penile circumference for potential used during MMC. Study spanned only 2 weeks. | Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 2 | 2014 | ARV initiation CD4<500 | Treatment | 1st line: 2 NRTI+1 NNRTI (pref TDF/3TC/EFV). Secondary: AZT/3TC/EFV, AZT/3TC/NVP, TDF/3TC/NVP. 2nd line: 2 NRTI+1 boosted PI | Uganda MOH HIV treatment guidelines | ||
| 4 | 2014 | Pilot study of prepex funded by CDC | Funding | CDC funds roll-out of Prepex to community. 400 people over 3-4 months | Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 4 | 2014 | Penile epithelial study began | Studies | Compare moisture levels on outer foreskin, inner foreskin, and glands in both circumcised (MMC) and uncircumcised men | Godfrey Kigozi | ||
| 5 | 2014 | Kibale, Kasensero HC upgraded to HC-IIIs | HIV care | Kibale, Kasensero and 4 other HC-II with high risk communities upgraded to HC-IIIs by MOH | Fred Nalugoda | ||
| 2014 | Combination HIV Prevention Evaluation funded by World Bank | Funding | World Bank provides funding for cross sectional evaluation of comination HIV prevention. | Godfrey Kigozi |
